Following chronic testosterone (T) administration, young chicks crow regularly and become very aggressive. In the present series of studies, the ability of varying social contexts to influence these behaviors in T-treated chicks was investigated. Chicks were obtained at one day post hatch, housed in like-treated flocks of 7-9 chicks, and administered either .1ml oil or 2.5mg testosterone in oil per day. When tested at 3-4 weeks of age, in both paired round-robin and group testing with animals from their own flock, T-treated animals were more aggressive and crowed more than control chicks. When who was dominant over whom was determined, the resulting dominance hierarchies were less linear in the T-treated chicks which might indicate a disruption in the development of normal social processes. In paired contests with animals from a different but like-treated flock, T-treated chicks crowed over 3 times more than when they were with an animal from their own flock but did not differ in level of aggression. Next, 2 chicks of one flock were grouped with 2 from a like-treated but different flock. T-treated animals displayed over 7 times as many aggressive acts as controls, but in both groups, these acts were directed equally to the other animals regardless of what group they were from. In this social situation, however, none of the T-treated animals emitted any crows. In summary, while testosterone treatment induces many adult-like patterns of behavior in young chicks, these behaviors are modulated to some extent within the ongoing social environment of the animals.